哥倫比亞大學(xué)建筑學(xué)專業(yè)詳解

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哥倫比亞大學(xué)建筑學(xué)專業(yè)詳解，建筑碩士課程以建筑設(shè)計工作室和圍繞它的三個課程序列為中心：歷史與理論、視覺研究和技術(shù)。建筑學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位或建筑學(xué)碩士，沒有建筑學(xué)背景的申請人必須完成建筑圖形演示課程

　　哥倫比亞大學(xué)建筑學(xué)專業(yè)詳解，建筑碩士課程以建筑設(shè)計工作室和圍繞它的三個課程序列為中心：歷史與理論、視覺研究和技術(shù)。建筑學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位或建筑學(xué)碩士，沒有建筑學(xué)背景的申請人必須完成建筑圖形演示課程（這可以是建筑工作室或視覺藝術(shù)工作室的一個學(xué)期，如繪畫、繪畫或雕塑）作為錄取的先決條件。

　　今天為大家介紹的是位于紐約曼哈頓的哥倫比亞大學(xué)（Columbia University），世界最具聲望的高等學(xué)府，曾與哈佛大學(xué)和芝加哥大學(xué)一起被公認(rèn)為美國高等教育三巨頭。

　　關(guān)于哥倫比亞大學(xué)

　　哥倫比亞大學(xué)，正式名稱為紐約市哥倫比亞大學(xué)（Columbia University in the City of New York）美國紐約曼哈頓，是一所世界頂級私立研究型大學(xué)、美國大學(xué)協(xié)會的十四所創(chuàng)始院校之一，也是常春藤盟校之一。

　　哥倫比亞大學(xué)是美國歷史最悠久的五所大學(xué)之一，也是培養(yǎng)諾貝爾獎獲得者最多的大學(xué)之一，共培養(yǎng)了96位諾貝爾獎得主。哥大校園里還走出5位美國開國元勛、貝拉克·侯賽因·奧巴馬、羅斯福等四位美國總統(tǒng)、34位各國元首和政府首腦、10位美國最高法院大法官。

哥倫比亞大學(xué)

　　關(guān)于建筑學(xué)課程

　　The Master of Architecture program is centered on the Architecture Design Studio and the three curricular sequences that orbit it:History and Theory,Visual Studies,and Technology.While the sequences run in parallel,they are also designed to be brought together at critical junctures:through the intersection of specific exercises and through broader project integration.Supplementing these main pedagogical tracks is an Elective sequence and a required Professional Practice course.Prior to graduation,students are required to submit a portfolio of representative work from each semester,which is evaluated by all studio faculty.Portfolio reviews are a hallmark event at the school and the top portfolios are awarded the most prestigious prizes at the annual Commencement Ceremony.

　　建筑碩士課程以建筑設(shè)計工作室和圍繞它的三個課程序列為中心：歷史與理論、視覺研究和技術(shù)。雖然這些序列并行運行，但它們也被設(shè)計為在關(guān)鍵時刻匯集在一起：通過特定練習(xí)的交叉和更廣泛的項目整合。補充這些主要的教學(xué)軌道是選修序列和必修的專業(yè)實踐課程。畢業(yè)前，學(xué)生需要提交每學(xué)期的代表作品集，由所有工作室教師評估。作品集評審是學(xué)校的標(biāo)志性活動，頂級作品集將在一年一度的畢業(yè)典禮上獲得最負(fù)盛名的獎項。

　　The Architecture Design Studio sequence is divided between Core and Advanced Studios.The Core Studios consists of the first three semesters.It is structured to build knowledge on the fundamentals of architectural design through the theme of“Architecture and the City”and through an inclusive and expansive understanding of history,cities,typology,and performance.Core I focuses on acquiring analytical and drawing skills;Core II tackles the design of an institutional building;and Core III concludes the sequence with the Housing Studio.

　　架構(gòu)設(shè)計工作室序列分為核心工作室和高級工作室。核心工作室包括前三個學(xué)期。它的結(jié)構(gòu)是通過“建筑與城市”的主題以及對歷史、城市、類型學(xué)和性能的包容性和廣泛的理解，建立關(guān)于建筑設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)知識的知識。核心I側(cè)重于獲得分析和繪圖技能；核心II處理機構(gòu)建筑的設(shè)計；Core III使用Housing Studio結(jié)束序列。

　　Advanced Studios consists of the last three semesters,with the last two composed of nearly eighteen studios that together explore new instruments,techniques,and formats of design across a multiplicity of existing realities.The studios function as laboratories for discussion,where students and critics practice new ways of mobilizing architectural concepts,programs,tools,and methods to intervene on specific layers of the everyday.After focusing on the problem of architectural practice and its agency in the world,from spring 2019,the sequence focuses on“Architecture and Environment”as a fundamental question for the field.

　　Advanced Studios由最后三個學(xué)期組成，最后兩個學(xué)期由近18個工作室組成，這些工作室共同探索跨越多種現(xiàn)有現(xiàn)實的新樂器、技術(shù)和設(shè)計格式。工作室作為討論的實驗室，學(xué)生和評論家在這里練習(xí)運用新的方法來調(diào)動建筑概念、程序、工具和方法來干預(yù)日常生活的特定層面。在關(guān)注建筑實踐及其在世界范圍內(nèi)的代理問題后，從2019年春季開始，該序列將“建筑與環(huán)境”作為該領(lǐng)域的基本問題。

哥倫比亞大學(xué)建筑學(xué)官網(wǎng)

　　The History and Theory curriculum stresses a b road social and cultural approach to architectural history,with particular attention to emerging global concerns.Architectural history is seen in terms of a rich matrix of parameters—political,economic,artistic,technological,and discursive—that have had a role in shaping the discipline.Students are introduced to a range of subjects broadly distributed in both space(geography)and time(chronology),and are encouraged to think and work across categorical East-West and North-South distinctions and the asymmetries these binaries often reproduce,and to consider both continuity and change across 1800 as the threshold that marks the end of the European Enlightenment and the beginning of worldwide industrialization.

　　歷史和理論課程強調(diào)建筑史的社會和文化方法，特別關(guān)注新興的全球問題。建筑史被視為一個豐富的參數(shù)矩陣——政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、藝術(shù)、技術(shù)和話語——這些參數(shù)在塑造學(xué)科方面發(fā)揮了作用。向?qū)W生介紹了廣泛分布在空間（地理）和時間（年表）中的一系列科目，并鼓勵他們思考和工作跨越絕對的東西方和南北差異以及這些二進(jìn)制文件經(jīng)常重現(xiàn)的不對稱性，并考慮1800年的延續(xù)性和變化性作為標(biāo)志著歐洲啟蒙運動結(jié)束和全球工業(yè)化開始的門檻。

　　The Visual Studies curriculum registers how the visual in design has multiplied exponentially,especially by way of computation,and invites students and faculty to rethink how it intersects with pedagogy,projects,and practices.Through a careful survey of drawing’s new temporal nature,students discover methods to harness the potential of drawing,engage with today’s visual diversity,and communicate extraordinary visions.The sequence offers a wide range of tools and techniques designed to expose students to the potentials and limits of these tools and techniques and is divided into three broad sets of workshops:analysis/representation,design environments,and fabrication.This variety of possible trajectories promotes individual approaches to visualization and fosters invention.

　　視覺研究課程記錄了設(shè)計中的視覺如何呈指數(shù)級增長，尤其是通過計算的方式，并邀請學(xué)生和教師重新思考它如何與教學(xué)法、項目和實踐相交。通過對繪畫的新時間性質(zhì)的仔細(xì)調(diào)查，學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了利用繪畫潛力、融入當(dāng)今視覺多樣性和傳達(dá)非凡愿景的方法。該序列提供了廣泛的工具和技術(shù)，旨在讓學(xué)生了解這些工具和技術(shù)的潛力和局限性，并分為三組廣泛的研討會：分析/表示、設(shè)計環(huán)境和制造。各種可能的軌跡促進(jìn)了個人的可視化方法并促進(jìn)了發(fā)明。

　　The Technology curriculum is founded on the belief that the realities of building technology are integral to design exploration and experimentation,especially as computational power and data have become ubiquitous,and changes in manufacturing,materials,and information technologies are shaping new modes of thinking and making.Recognizing how performance—its measurement and verification—has become not only a primary function of architectural“solutions,”but also a generator of architectural concepts,the sequence aims to encourage critical and creative approaches to data and measurement and the discovery of new design opportunities and paradigms.

　　技術(shù)課程建立在這樣的信念之上，即建筑技術(shù)的現(xiàn)實是設(shè)計探索和實驗不可或缺的一部分，特別是在計算能力和數(shù)據(jù)無處不在，制造、材料和信息技術(shù)的變化正在塑造新的思維和制造模式的情況下.認(rèn)識到性能——它的測量和驗證——如何不僅成為建筑“解決方案”的主要功能，而且還是建筑概念的生成器，該序列旨在鼓勵關(guān)鍵和創(chuàng)造性的數(shù)據(jù)和測量方法以及新設(shè)計機會的發(fā)現(xiàn)和范式。

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